61. Bishop MarkBishop Mark – a circular mark applied to pre-stamp letters showing an abbreviated form of the date of the month on which they were posted or received in London. They were named after Henry Bishop who as first Postmaster General after the rest...
62. BackstampBackstamp – normally a hand applied circular date stamp applied to the reverse of an envelope or other postal item to indicate when it was received either at a transit office ...
63. Stamp Varieties – Inverted VignetteVariety – Inverted Vignette – possibly the best known and most spectacular of these varieties is the inverted Jenny (Curtis Jenny aircraft flying upside down in the middle of ...
64. Imperf VarietiesImperf Varieties – There are many categories of these and where possible proving multiples should be collected. Examples include stamps which are normally perforated but have missed being perfor...
65. ImperfsImperf (Imperforate) – Stamps which have not had perforations or roulettes and which would therefore have to be cut from a sheet using scissors. Usually known as imperfs, and should be collecte...
66. Dandy RollerDandy Roller – a wire gauze roller beneath which the paper pulp passes when the paper is manufactured and this then leaves the texture and watermark in the paper. The waterma...
68. WatermarksWatermarks – a design that is incorporated into the paper during production. It is incorporated as a security device by passing the wet pulp under a dandy roller under pressu...
69. Wing MarginWing Margin – where a stamp has a much wider margin on one side than it does on the other. This occurred when the panes of a sheet were divided by perforating down the middle of a gutter margin ...
70. VignetteVignette – A feature or portrait in which the edges or background shades off into the paper. The technique is very often used to disguise the gaps between parts of the design printed in different colours or from two plates.
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